Most insects are fairly easy to breed. You just stick them together, and poof! Baby bugs. They grow inside boxes of cereals, rice and the likes. The picture here show them inside a box of cold cereal.

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[edit] Steps

Get a bucket or tray about 8 to 10 inches deep (see list) and spread some sand and soil in the bottom. Lay down a square of burlap. Repeat until you're about five inches from the top of the bucket. Put a handful of your mealworms in each layer, or just on top.
Once this is done, soak a few paper towels in water and ring them out, then lay them around the edge of the bucket for moisture. Chop up some chunks of apple, carrot, etc and lay them on top.
Cover the top of the tray or bucket with the cheesecloth and make sure it's sealed so that they don't escape the tray. It will take a while for the larvae to become beetles, but these beetles are what will breed and make the worms! Just be patient and let the magic happen.

[edit] Tips

Cut slits in the burlap to make it easier for the worms to get through.
The more surface area the better.
The larvae is what the mealworm actually is; you need to let the adult beetles breed.
You'll need to clean the bucket out every now and then to get the droppings and uneaten food out.
Keep the worms at room temperature (70º to 80ºF). When they are fully grown, refrigeration makes them live longer.
To make them age quicker, don't keep them in a closet, keep them in fair light.

[edit] Warnings

Some mealworms (i.e. super or king mealworms)need to be separated from each other to pupate. They can be put together after they pupate.

[edit] Things You'll Need

A large bucket or tray (plastic or metal, 8 - 10 inches deep and the larger across the better)
Burlap (a few squares of it)
About 100 mealworms to begin with
Fruits, veggies, oatmeal (fresh)
Paper towels
Sand
Cheesecloth